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A brass sculpture of Surya, the Hindu sun-god, standing frontally in a tall floral-chased cylindrical crown, with silver-inlaid eyes and copper-inlaid lips, an incised long belted tunic and boots; both raised hands hold lotus stalks at his shoulders.
Featured · Hindu Pantheon

Surya, the Sun God

Borne aloft by his own beams, the visible sun is the eye of three gods and the soul of everything that moves: an all-seer in the oldest hymns, and, a millennium and a half later, a chariot that is the machine of time itself.

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Warwick Goble colour plate: the haloed river-goddess Gaṅgā, jewelled and veiled, stands barefoot on the surface of a lotus-strewn stream as the crowned King Śantanu steps toward her from the wooded bank, one hand extended.
Hindu

Ganga, the Celestial River Goddess

A river that is a goddess and a goddess who is a river: she rises from the foot of a god, washes the moon in passing, and drowns seven of her own newborn sons with a smile.

6 minVyāsa
The six-faced (Ṣaṇmukha) war-god Kartikeya stands on his peacock mount, its tail fanned behind him, a spear (vel) and other weapons in his many hands, flanked by his two consorts in red saris, the peacock treading a coiled cobra on the ground below.
Hindu

Kartikeya (Skanda), God of War

Kartikeya, the six-faced commander of the divine army, has three fathers, two slain demons, and two explanations for his six faces. Two scriptures a thousand years apart preserve him differently, and the epic's own hymn concedes it.

7 minMahābhārata
Satī, in a flowing red sari with her palm raised in rebuke, stands facing her enthroned father Dakṣa across the blazing sacrificial fire; brahmins read scriptures and pass ritual vessels, clay pots stand in the foreground, and the assembled gods — blue-skinned Viṣṇu and four-headed Brahmā among them — look on from the left.
Hindu

Sati, Shiva's First Consort

The good wife whose name became English for a rite she never performed: not a widow on a pyre, but a goddess who chose her own father, then unchose the body he gave her.

8 minBhāgavata Purāṇa
A carved sandstone stele of Agni, the Hindu fire-god: a bearded, mitre-crowned figure standing frontally against a great rising mane of flame, the sacred thread across his chest, a ram at his side and worshippers bringing offerings around his feet.
Hindu

Agni, the God of Fire

The deified sacrificial fire of the daily rite, whom the whole Rig Veda begins by naming, carries the offering to heaven with his own mouth, so that the gods eat through him.

6 minRigveda 1.1
A Kalighat painting of the goddess Kali enshrined beneath a temple arch: black-skinned and four-armed, her long red tongue thrust out over a garland of pearls, a curved sword raised in one right hand and a freshly severed human head hanging from one left hand, on a warm yellow ground.
Hindu

Kali, the Dark Devourer of Time

The title calls her the eater of time, but the oldest text that names her means only one thing by the word: black. Everything else, the tongue, the corpse underfoot, the eating of the hours, was laid over a battlefield goddess across a thousand years.

6 minDevi Mahatmya
A Mewar miniature of the flood rescue: the crowned Manu stands at the prow of a red ark carrying the seven huddled sages, the boat towed across lotus-strewn water by the great fish Matsya (Viṣṇu's fish-avatar) with the serpent Vāsuki as the rope, while Brahmā on his goose and Indra on the white elephant look on.
Hindu

Manu, Progenitor and Lawgiver

One figure carries three jobs that the texts assembled across seventeen centuries: the first man, the flood-survivor who alone repeopled the earth, and the lawgiver whose name a whole code still bears.

6 minŚatapatha Brāhmaṇa I.8.1.1–11

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Every retelling is drawn from the poets who first told it. Hesiod, Homer, Ovid, the Eddas. The sources are kept honest.